Background Increasing access to care and treatment for HIV-infected individuals is a goal in Kenya’s response to the HIV epidemic. to 99.6] had ever received HIV care. Among those receiving HIV care 96.3% (95% CI: 94.1 WK23 to 98.4) were using cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and 74.6% (95% CI: 69.0 to 80.2) were receiving ART. A lower proportion of individuals in care and not on ART reported using cotrimoxazole (89.5% 95 CI: 82.5 to 96.5 compared with 98.6% 95 CI: 97.1 to 100) and experienced a CD4 count measurement done (72.9% WK23 95 CI: 64.0 to 81.9 compared with 90.0% 95 CI: 82.8 to 97.3) than individuals in care and on ART respectively. Among individuals in care and not on ART 23.2% (95% CI: 6.8 to 39.7) had CD4 counts ≤350 cells per microliter. Viral suppression was observed in 75.3% (95% CI: 68.7 to 81.9) of persons on ART. Conclusions Linkage and retention in care are high among individuals with known HIV illness. However improvements in care for the pre-ART human population are needed. Viral suppression rates were comparable to developed settings. value was <0.05. All analyses were performed in SAS version 9.3 (SAS Institute Inc. Cary NC) using the SURVEYFREQ process to take into account the stratified cluster design of the survey. Ethical Authorization This survey protocol and activities were examined and authorized by the Kenya Medical Study Institute’s Honest Review Committee the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Institutional Review Table and the Committee on Human being WK23 Research of the University or college of California San Francisco. RESULTS We recognized 16 383 potential participants aged 15-64 years and interviewed 13 720 (83.7%). Three hundred sixty-three (2.7% 95 CI: WK23 2.2 to 3 3.1) reported that they were previously diagnosed with HIV. Of these 68.8% (95% CI: 64.0 to 73.7) were ladies 32.7% (95% CI: 27.5 to 37.9) were aged 30-39 years 61.1% (95% CI: 54.4 to 67.9) were married or cohabiting 41.9% (95% CI: 36.1 to 47.6) reported a primary school education or less and 63.0% (95% CI: 56.8 to 69.2) had been employed in the past year (Table 1). The majority resided in rural areas (59.4% 95 CI: 50.8 to 67.9). Relatively equivalent proportions of HIV-infected individuals fell within the second and third least expensive wealth quintiles (25.8% 95 CI: 18.5% to 33.2% and 24.3% 95 CI: 18.6 to 30.0 respectively). Just over one-third (35.3% 95 CI: 28.7 to 41.9) had been diagnosed with HIV infection within the 24 months preceding the survey. Overall 89.9% (95% CI: WK23 86.0 to 93.7) were in care at the time of the survey and a small proportion (3.5% 95 CI: 1.2 to 5.9) had received care at some point in the past but were no longer in care. TABLE 1 Characteristics of Adults and Adolescents Who Self-Reported Becoming HIV Infected Kenya AIDS Indication Survey 2012 The demographic characteristics of individuals who were currently in care were much like individuals not in care (data not demonstrated). Among individuals currently in care 69.8% (95% CI: 64.6 to 75.0) were woman 33.8% (95% CI: 28.1 to 39.4) were aged 30-39 years 60.9% (95% CI: 53.7 to 68.2) were married or cohabiting and 41.3% (95% CI: 35.0 to 47.5) had received primary school education or less (Table 2). We found that 81.3% (95% CI: 76.2 to 86.4) of individuals who have been currently in care had accessed care within 3 months of HIV analysis and 83.3% (95% CI: 78.9 to 87.7) had their last medical center visit within 3 months of the survey. Ninety-six percent (95.3% 95 CI: 94.1 to 98.4) of individuals who have been currently in care were taking cotrimoxazole and 29.0% (95% CI: 22.5 to 35.4) were taking daily nutritional supplements. Overall 85.7% (95% CI: 79.7 to 91.7) had ever had their CD4+ T-cell counts measured. TABLE 2 Characteristics of HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents Who Were Currently Receiving HIV Care Kenya AIDS Indication Survey 2012 Of 326 individuals currently in HIV care 74.6% (95% CI: 69.0 to 80.2) were receiving ART (Table 3). A lower proportion of individuals receiving ART were under 30 years RRAS2 of age (14.3% 95 CI: 9.9 to 18.6) compared with those not receiving ART (30.6% 95 CI: 20.0 to 41.2) and a higher proportion of WK23 individuals on ART were retained in care (87.2% 95 CI: 82.4 to 92.1) than individuals not on ART (71.9% 95 CI: 60.9 to 82.9). Among individuals currently in care and not on ART 10.5% (95% CI: 3.5 to 17.5) were not receiving cotrimoxazole prophylaxis 27.1% (95% CI: 18.1 to 36.0) had never had their CD4+ T-cell counts measured and 23.2% (95% CI: 6.8 to 39.7) were eligible for ART treatment based on the immunologic criterion at the time of the survey (CD4 ≤350 cells/μL). An additional 15.7% (95% CI: 2.6 to 28.8) had CD4+.